部分肿瘤患者需要进行康复治疗。如骨肿瘤、四肢软组织肿瘤等，会影响肢体正常活动，需要针对性地做肌肉、神经功能训练，促进功能恢复；如喉部肿瘤经治疗后会影响说话、吞咽功能，需要及时做开口、吞咽、发声练习，提高生活质量。
癌症的症状多样，除可引起局部压迫和阻塞等症状外，还可因浸润和转移而导致相应的临床表现，有时会出现贫血、发热、体重下降、夜汗、感染、恶病质等全身表现。
良性腫瘤指腫瘤細胞未發生轉移與侵入周遭組織的情形，反之則稱為惡性腫瘤，多數會影響生理功能的腫瘤都是惡性腫瘤。
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does circuitously result in cancer nonetheless it leads to immune deficiency that can magnify the danger resulting from other bacterial infections, occasionally as much as several thousandfold (in the situation of Kaposi's sarcoma). Importantly, vaccination from the hepatitis B virus along with the human papillomavirus happen to be shown to almost eliminate the potential risk of cancers caused by these viruses in individuals effectively vaccinated previous to an infection.
Some forms of most cancers are named for the size and shape of the cells beneath a microscope, which include large cell carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma and small-cell carcinoma.
虽然医生知道哪些因素会增加患癌风险，但大多数癌症会发生于没有任何已知导致癌症的风险因素的人身上。可导致癌症风险增加的已知因素包括：
Predicting limited- or prolonged-phrase survival depends upon many factors. The most important are definitely the most cancers variety along with the client's age and All round health. Those who are frail with other medical problems have decreased survival charges than usually healthier people. Centenarians are unlikely to outlive for five years regardless of whether treatment is successful.
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On 2 December 2023, Nano These days revealed a groundbreaking discovery involving "NK cell-engaging nanodrones" for qualified most cancers treatment method. The development of "NK mobile-partaking 癌症 nanodrones" signifies a substantial leap forward in most cancers cure, showcasing how reducing-edge nanotechnology and immunotherapy might be blended to target and reduce cancer cells with unprecedented precision.
確診為癌症後就要進一步做癌症屬於哪一期之分期檢查，觀察是否有轉移，並定期追蹤以免癌症復發，以便醫師擬定治療方向。（延伸閱讀：癌症診斷的目的與方法）
Environmental or Way of life factors that caused most cancers to acquire in someone may be discovered by analyzing mutational signatures from genomic sequencing of tumor DNA.
另一方面，現在有些方法則是想利用身體本身的免疫系統產生非專一性的免疫反應來對抗癌細胞，例如卡介苗膀胱內灌注免疫療法（英语：intravesical BCG immunotherapy）將卡介苗灌注進入膀胱內，以引發免疫反應對抗表淺性膀胱癌（英语：superficial bladder most cancers）。此外使用干擾素和介白質素，均可引起免疫反應。而使用疫苗所產生的免疫反應來對抗腫瘤的研究也正在進行當中，尤其是針對惡性黑色素瘤與腎細胞腫瘤（英语：renal mobile carcinoma））。
疼痛。尽管不是所有癌症都会引起疼痛，但癌症或癌症治疗会引起疼痛。药物和其他方法可以有效地治疗癌性疼痛。
準確的癌症分期與診斷對於癌症的治療相當重要，癌症治療的原則是先確立治療目標，主要目標則可分為治癒癌症、延長生命、減輕痛苦及安寧療護四大類，常見的治療方式有以下幾項。